Chapter 23

Chapter 23 was mainly about Africa and the Middle East becoming independent and no longer ruled by colonies. What really stood out to me in the reading was that it took Africa a lot longer to become independent than India. This because there was a fear and feeling of life being jeopardized if the black majority took over to rule. Also there was an extreme dependence on the white colonies that had control over Africa. Yet when Africa finally was able to try to become independent there was a group of educated middle-class civilized men who started the movement. At first they used the similar ideas that Gaudi used in order for India to become independent. Unfortunately that did not work not using violence. Another part that I found interesting was that when the colonies became independent they generally did not form a democracy as their government. Instead there were many types of governments that formed instead. Lastly in Turkey it was shocking to find out there were reforms that took place long before they did in Europe. For example woman were able to have rights and the traditions were able to change quickly and the woman were able to a little control.